Powershell101

Table of contents

探索 Powershell

• Get-Verb Returns a list of verbs that most commands adhere to.
• Get-command retrieves a list of all commands installed on your machine.
• Get-Member operates on object based output and is able to discover what object, properties and methods are available for a command.
• Get-Help displays a help page describing various parts of a command.

配置 powershell

1. 安装 powershell

2. 配置 windows terminal

3. 安装 scoop - A command-line installer for Windows

4. 安装 Winget - Install and manage applications

5. 安装 git for windows - Offer a lightweight, native set of tools

   winget install -e --id Git.Git

6. 安装 gcc 、 neovim

   scoop install gcc neovim

7. powershell 配置文件 - about _profiles

   The $PROFILE variable

   The $profile automatic variable stores the paths to the Powershell profiles that are available in the current session.

   The $PROFILE variable stores the path to the “Current User, Current Host” profile. The other profiles are saved in note properties of the $PROFILE variable.

   $profile

   
   Split-Path $PROFILE.CurrentUserCurrentHOST
   
   mkdir ~/.config/powershell
   nvim ~/.config/powershell/user_profile.ps1

   创建 $PROFILE.CurrentUserCurrentHost 文件 ，并添加 . $env:USEPROFILE\.config\powershell\user_profile.ps1 内容，重新启动终端，这时配置文件已生效。

   # Create a profile
   New-Item $PROFILE.CurrentUserCurrentHost
   
   # or 
   nvim $PROFILE

8. 安装 posh-git 和 oh-my-posh

   • Prompt for Git repositories
   • A prompt theme engine for any shell

   Install-Module posh-git -Scope CurrentUser -Force
   Install-Module oh-my-posh -Scope CurrentUser -Force

   编辑 ~/.config/powershell/user-profile.ps1

   # Prompt
   Import-Module posh-git
   Import-Module oh-my-posh
   Set-PoshPrompt <themename>

9. 自定义 prompt

10. 安装 nvm

    scoop install nvm

11. 安装 terminal icons

    # Install-Module
    Install-Module -Name Terminal-Icons -Repository PSGallery -Force
    
    # or use scoop
    scoop bucket add extras
    scoop install terminal-icons
    
    Import-Module Terminal-Icons

12. 安装 z

    Install-Module -Name z -Force 

13. 安装 PSReadLine - autocompletion

    How to use PSReadLine

    Install-Module -Name PowerShellGet -Force
    Install-Module -Name PSReadLine -Force -SkipPublisherCheck -AllowPrerelease

    To start using, just import the module:

    Import-Module PSReadLine

    To view the current key bindings:

    Get-PSReadLineKeyHandler

    To use Emacs key bindings, you can use:

    Set-PSReadLineOption -EditMode Emacs

    Specifies the source for PSReadLine to get predictive suggestions.

    Set-PSReadLineOption -PredictionSource Hisory

    Sets the style for the display of the predictive text. The default is InlineView.

    Set-PSReadLineOption -PredictionViewStyle ListView

    # user_profile.ps1
    Import-Module PSReadLine
    Set-PSReadLineOption -EditMode Emacs
    Set-PSReadLineOption -PredictionSource HisoryAndPlugin
    Set-PSReadLineOption -PredictionViewStyle ListView

14. 安装 fzf PSFzf

    scoop install fzf
    Install-Module -Name PSFzf -Scope CurrentUser -Force

about_Environment_Provider

The environment Environment provider lets you get, add, change, clear, delete environment variables and values in Powershell.

Windows and Powershell use Environment variables to store persistent information that affect system and process execution.

Unlike PowerShell variables, environment variables are not subject to scope constraints.

The Environment provider supports the following cmdlets.

• Get-Location
• Set-Location
• Get-Item
• New-Item
• Remove-Item
• Clear-Item

about_Environment_Variables

Environment variables store information about the operating system environment.

The environment variables store data that is used by the operating system and other programs.

about_CommonParameters

描述可与任何 cmdlet 一起使用的参数。****

常见问题

Windows terminal 下 git bash 乱码问题

在相应的 git-for-windows 的安装路径文件 **\Git\etc\bash.bashrc 末尾添加

# 让ls和dir命令显示中文和颜色 
alias ls='ls --show-control-chars --color' 
alias dir='dir -N --color' 
# 设置为中文环境，使提示成为中文 
export LANG="zh_CN" 
# 输出为中文编码 
export OUTPUT_CHARSET="utf-8"

# 可以输入中文 
set meta-flag on 
set output-meta on 
set convert-meta off

命令

• 生成唯一标识 guid [guid]::NewGuid()

• 设置代理

  # powershell
  $env:HTTP_PROXY="http://127.0.0.1:1080"
  $env:HTTPS_PROXY="http://127.0.0.1:1080"
  
  # cmd
  set http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:1080

技巧

1. 按tab 键可自动补全命令
2. Reset your video devicer: Ctrl+shift+win+B

资源

https://www.powershellgallery.com/packages/PSFzf/2.0.0

https://www.powershellgallery.com/

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